Leydig, Voit & Mayer, Ltd.
Smart card
 A smart card includes a transparent circuit board on which an integrated circuit, function switches, a power source, and other parts are mounted, an upper substrate facing the circuit board, upper and lower electrodes respectively located on facing surfaces of upper substrate and the circuit board, orthogonal to each other, orientation films coating the upper and lower electrodes, and a liquid crystal material located and sealed between the upper and lower electrodes. 
Samsung Display Devices Co., Ltd.
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inventional inventional inventional additional
Si-han Seung-bae Man-gon
Kim Lee Song