Hill, Steadman & Simpson
Electro-optical modulator
 An electro-optical modulator has an electro-optical crystal having an optical path, and a pair of electrodes disposed one on each side of the optical path for applying a signal voltage therebetween. At least one of the electrodes is formed on a side surface of a groove defined along the optical path of the electro-optical crystal. 
Sony Corporation
G G
G02F G02F
inventional additional
Asif A. Tatsuo Hiroki
Godil Fukui Kikuchi