Substituted cobalt catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis
 A copper promoted cobalt manganese spinel useful for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of olefins and higher paraffins is prepared from an aqueous solution of cobalt and manganese salts of at least one alpha-hydroxy aliphatic carboxylic acid. 
Exxon Research and Engineering Company
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Rocco A. Stuart L. Enrique
Fiato Soled Iglesia