Vickers, Daniels & Young
Gas cooled plasma torch
 A plasma torch comprising an elongated electrically conductive nozzle with an internal, generally cylindrical chamber; an electrically conductive electrode with an elongated, cylindrical nose extending into the cylindrical chamber of the nozzle to define a relatively thin, elongated annular gas passage between the nozzle and the electrode nose, wherein the electrode includes a cylindrical portion above the nose, which portion has axially extending swirl grooves; and, a separate insulator sleeve engaging both the cylindrical portion and the nozzle for holding the electrode nose concentric with said cylindrical chamber of the nozzle. The nozzle includes means for venting a portion of said cooling gas from the relatively thin annular gas passage. 
The Lincoln Electric Company
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Joel D. Lifeng
Kneisley Luo