Low supply voltage negative charge pump
 A low supply voltage negative charge pump for generating a relatively high negative voltage to control gates of selected memory cells via wordlines in an array of flash EEPROM memory cells during flash erasure includes charge pump means (210) formed of a plurality of charge pump stages (201-206) and coupling capacitor means (C201-C212) for delivering clock signals to the plurality of charge pump stages. Each of the plurality of charge pump stages is formed of an N-channel intrinsic pass transistor (N1-N6), an N-channel intrinsic initialization transistor (MD1-MD6), and an N-channel intrinsic precharge transistor (MX3-MX7, MX1) which are disposed in separate p-wells so as to reduce body effect. As a result, the negative charge pump is operable using a supply voltage of +3 volts or lower. 
Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
Chung K. Johnny C. Lee E.
Chang Chen Cleveland